Synopsis:
Part of a
one-name study of Hazell/Hazle's in Co Norfolk, England
Part of a
genealogical study of the Hazell's of Co Norfolk, England. This page
contains a chart of the
Hazell's of Pulham & Pulham Market (my own Hazell's).
The
surname "Hazell" is probably derived from the hazel tree, which is
common across much of Norfolk, it is likely the name arose
independently across the county, in much the same way as Smith, Brown
etc would have arisen. Hazell's in the far west of Norfolk likely
include some who have crossed the border from Cambridgeshire, where the
name is not uncommon (see the charts on the Hassell's
of Cambridgeshire). The name also appears in Suffolk where it
likely shares a similar origin to that in Norfolk. Please do not
hesitate to email
me with any corrections &/or additions to these charts.
The earliest record of a Hazell in Pulham was that of the death
& burial of Thomas Hesell, a servant of William Read.[1] Thomas
died 1610 & was buried
9/4/1610, St Mary the Virgin, Pulham, Co Norfolk.[1] The next record is
the
death & burial of a daughter-in-law or (more likely)
grand-daughter-in-law in 1668: Anna Hassal, widow, died
1668 & was buried 28/3/1668, St Mary the Virgin, Pulham, Co
Norfolk.[1] Anna was likely the mother or grandmother of Thomas, below.
Pulham/Pulham Market parish registers are almost complete back to the
late 1600's.
Pulham St Mary (or Pulham St.
Mary the Virgin, to give it its full
name) is about 29 km south of Norwich. Today it is a
small village and
part of "The Pulhams" which also includes Pulham Market.[Wikipedia]
Although lacking the village green of Pulham Market, the heart
of the
old village forms an interesting centre with the village pub, the
former forge and the the old school being obvious features. To the
north lies one of the village's big houses, The Grange. The village
shop and post office is close to the centre, while the church and
village hall are a few hundred yards to the east. The church, dedicated
to St. Mary the Virgin, is believed to date from around 1258. The
village boasts a fine collection of old buildings, around 80 of which
are listed as being of architectural and historic interest. The village
centre has a number of these old buildings, some thatched, all rendered
and colour washed. Among the most interesting is the village's pub, the
King's Head and what at first sight looks to be a fairly conventional
Victorian school building, Pennoyer's School, parts of
which are over
600 years old. The village sign stands near the King's Head and the old
school and celebrates a more recent period in the village's history,
when Pulham St Mary was home to airships of the Royal Naval Air
Service.[53]
Settlement
in Pulham is thought to date back to at least Roman times
- pieces of
Roman tile, coin and oyster shells have been found in the village.
Garlic Street, the settlement in the easternmost part of the parish, is
thought to have been so named because garlic was grown there for
Spanish soldiers serving in the Roman army, though this is not proved.
In the 10th century Pulham was in the ownership of Athelwold, Bishop of
Winchester who gave it to the abbey of St Etheldreda at Ely, betwen 963
and 984AD. Control by the See of Ely imposed on Pulham villagers the
obligation to supply it with provisions for two weeks each year. In
1066AD Pulham was described as two miles long by one mile wide, with a
wood large enough to maintain 600 pigs, a mill, three working horses,
11 head of cattle, 40 pigs, 50 sheep, 40 goats and four beehives. Its
value for tax purposes was £8. By the time of the Domesday survey in
1086 this had risen to £15 although the woodland by then could
apparently only support 300 pigs, though this may have been the result
of creative accounting to avoid excessive taxation. The name
Pulham is
thought to mean the homestead or enclosure by the pools or streams.
Earliest records show the name as Polleham (c.1050) or Pullaham (1086)
this latter spelling being the Domesday Book entry. In 1249AD, the
monks were licensed to hold a weekly Wednesday market which took place
in the western part of the parish. The development of houses in the
vicinity of the market area eventually gave rise to the separate parish
of Pulham Market. Although the Pulhams are now two
separate villages,
they were for many years ecclesiastically recognised as one parish and
it was not until 1857 that they became separate livings.[53]
1845:
"PULHAM, ST. MARY MAGDALEN is a considerable village, about a mile
north of the above, [Pulham St. Mary the Virgin] on an eminence, 4½
miles N.W. of Harleston. Its parish had 1155 inhabitants in 1841,
including 130 in Depwade Union Workhouse, which is described at page
699. It includes many scattered houses, and 2956A. 1R. 19p. of land, of
which the commons called Bush-green, Colegate-end, and Gresham green,
were enclosed in 1838-9. It is nearly all in Robert Copeman, Esq.'s
manor of Pulham, (fines arbitrary) and anciently had a weekly market,
and was noted for the manufacture of hats, dornecks, coverlets,
&c.
It has still a cattle fair, on the third Thursday in May. The Church is
a large structure, with a tower and six bells, and its curacy, with all
the tithes of the parish, is consolidated with the rectory of Pulham
St. Mary the Virgin, as already noticed. The Hall, anciently a seat of
a younger branch of the Percy family, was rebuilt by the late J.
Crickmore, Esq., and is now the property of Laverock Leggett, Esq. The
Town Estate which was vested in trust for the poor, as early as the
16th century, consists of two farm-houses, and 66A. of land, let for
£23; and three cottages, let for £16 a year. Out of these rents, about
£18 is paid yearly for the support of a Sunday-school, and the
remainder, after paying for repairs, &c., is distributed in
coals
and clothing, among the poor. About 1832, the overseers enclosed 29A.
from the wastes, to be cultivated by the poor, by spade husbandry. The
Post Office is at Chas. Palmer's. Letters are received from Harleston,
at 9 mng., and despatched at 5 evening." Taken from White's Directory,
1845.[48]
1850:
"PULHAM ST. MARY MAGDALEN is a populous village near the main road,
between Scole and Norwich, 4½ miles N.W. of Harleston, 15 miles S. of
Norwich, and about a mile from the Tivetshall Station of the Eastern
Union Railway. Many of the houses are scattered about on fine healthy
sites, and the surrounding scenery is picturesque and diversified.
Pulham once had its weekly markets, and its manufactures of hats,
coverlets, and dornicks, but these have long been obsolete, and the
only manufacture carried on now is that of gloves. A cattle fair is
annually held on the third Thursday in May. The parish comprises an
area of 2956 acres, and the population in 1841 was 1155. Post-Office,
at Elizabeth Palmer's. Letters delivered at 9.30 a.m. and despatched to
Norwich and all parts, via Harleston, at 4.30 p.m." Taken from Hunt's
Directory of East Norfolk with Part of Suffolk.[49]
1883:
"PULHAM ST. MARY MAGDALEN (commonly called PULHAM MARKET) is a parish
and small town and station on the Waveney Valley branch of the Great
Eastern railway, 15 miles south from Norwich, 4 north-by-west from
Harleston and 104 from London, in the Southern division of the county,
Earsham hundred, Depwade union, Harleston county court district, rural
deanery of Redenhall, archdeaconry of Norfolk and diocese of Norwich.
The church of St. Mary Magdalen is an old and handsome building, partly
in the Perpendicular and partly in the Early English styles, consisting
of chancel, nave and aisles, with a north porch and a square embattled
tower, supported by buttresses at each corner, and containing 6 bells:
in 1873 the church was restored and a vestry added, at a total cost of
£1,800: at the same time a stained window was inserted, in memory of
Mrs. Elizabeth Cole. The register dates from the year 1538. The living
is a rectory, yearly value £646 tithe rent-charge, in the gift of the
Crown and held since 1870 by the Rev. Spencer Fellows M.A. of Magdalene
College, Cambridge, J.P. The Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists have
each a chapel. A Cemetery containing one acre adjoining the church was
consecrated May 1st, 1860. There is also a cemetery for Nonconformists
on Cole's Common, about 1½ miles from the church: the Cemeteries are
under control of a Burial Board. There are several charities,
consisting of houses and lands, realising £160 yearly, of which £30 is
set aside for the church, and the remainder divided between the poor
and the school in equal proportions. A small estate used to be held by
service of blowing a horn at the opening of the Manor Court. Here is
the workhouse for Depwade Union: it is a large plain brick building
situated on the Norwich road and will hold 500 inmates. This place is
popularly called Pulham Market, from there having been formerly a
weekly market on Wednesdays, which has been removed to Harleston. A
cattle fair was formerly held here. Leather gloves are made here.
Pulham Market Hall was formerly the residence of the Percies, a younger
branch of the Northumberland family, and is now the property and
residence of George Leggett esq. The trustees of the late George
Copeman esq. are lords of the manor. The principal landowners are
George Leggett esq. W. Henry Cole esq. of London, and G.I. Bevan esq.
The soil is heavy; subsoil, clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley,
peas and beans. The area is 2,886 acres; rateable value, £4,217; and
the population in 1881 was 1,127." Taken from "Kelly's Directory for
Cambridgeshire, Norfolk & Suffolk, 1883, pp. 467-468".[28]
Today:
"Pulham Market, 'a typical English village' with a picturesque
green at its centre, surrounded by attractive thatched cottages. To the
north of The Green stands the village Memorial Hall and the Falcon
public house. To the south is the well known thatched 17th
century public house, The Crown. The Church of St Mary
Magdalene
is situated south of the village green and set in beautiful grounds
surrounded by a variety of mature trees. Pulham Market has two churches
- the parish church of St Mary Magdalene, a beautiful 15th century
building to the south of The Green, and Pulham Market Methodist Church,
a recently extended 19th century red-brick building with adjoining
meeting hall, situated at the junction of ColegateEnd Road and
Tattlepot Roads." Taken from Pulham Market homepage.[50] "The centre of
Pulham Market is is the village green, which is wide without sprawling,
with two old inns facing each other across it. Behind one is the
church, with its powerful 15th century tower. The inns, and many of the
other houses, date from the 18th and even 17th centuries. Chocolate box
scenes like this are rarer in East Anglia than you might think, and no
one would seriously think of Pulham Market as a town today. But the
green was the former market place, and as the name suggests this was a
market town from the 12th century until well into the 17th century.
There was a railway station, but the line has now gone, and the main
Ipswich to Norwich road now bypasses the village. For most people,
their abiding image of Pulham will be the old workhouse, now converted
into flats with a garden centre surreally in front of it, on the A140
to the west of here."[51]
The
Church of St Mary Magdalene, Pulham Market, is a big church, a town
church. Externally, it is
hard to see anything that is not late-medieval, and this building would
look quite at home in the centre of Norwich. It was founded as a
Chapel-of-Ease to the mother church at St Mary the Virgin,
Pulham
to serve the community which had grown around the open space where a
flourishing market was developing. The church ceased to be a
Chapel-of-Ease in 1858 when the living was divided. The existing
building, possibly replacing an earlier structure, dates from the early
fourteenth century to the late fifteenth. The south arcade is
ealier than the north, suggesting that the church originally consisted
of nave and chancel, with succesive additions following the increasing
prosperity of the market end of Pulham in the later middle ages.[50,51]
The outstanding item in
the church is the arch-braced roof in natural
oak. The mouldings and enrichments of the roof are worth
examination. The eastern panel, orignally a panoply of honour for the
rood, was repainted in 1873. The aisle roofs are also original medieval
work. The font is victorian although the wooden cover modern.
The
cross and dove from the top of the old font cover was restored in 1997,
and is now located in a window of the north aisle. The chancel was
heavily restored in 1873, the windows replaced and the vestry added.
The painting over the chancel arch, showing the Ascension, was done in
1895 as a memorial to members of the Fellows family. The remains of the
medieval screen are under the tower arch. The Tower was built in four
stages in the fifteenth century, c:1435. The North Porch is
perhaps the finest part of the exterior, built with money left in a
will of 1456. It has flushwork planelling and finely worked
detail. There is a Priest's room above. It is clear that the
north
aisle was added after the porch was built. Fourteen and fifteenth
century fragments of stained glass are found in the west
window of
the North aisle. Other glass is Victorian, the most notable being the
east window with panels depicting Mary Magdalene washing Christ's feet,
the crucification and Mary Magdalene telling the disciples of Christ's
resurrection. This together with the other stained glass windows was
inserted at or subsequent to restoration of 1873. Pulham Market Church
remains an active church with services each Sunday.[50,51]
1845:
"PULHAM ST. MARY THE VIRGIN is a large village on an acclivity, 3 miles
N.W. of Harleston, and has in its parish 924 souls, and 2998A. 3r. 32p.
of land. Robert Copeman, Esq., of Aylesham, is lord of the manor, in
which are many copyholds, subject to arbitrary fines. The large commons
here and in Pulham St. Mary Magdalen, have been enclosed under an Act
of Parliament, passed in 1838. The Church is a large antique fabric,
with a lofty square tower, six bells, and a handsome porch in the
florid Gothic style, ornamented with large figures of angels,
&c.
The stained glass in the east window was destroyed by a storm in 1818,
when the south chancel window was also blown out. The rectory with
Pulham St. Mary Magdalen annexed to it, is valued in K.B. at £33. 6s.
8d., and the tithes of the two parishes were commuted in 1837 for £1308
per annum. The glebe is 36A., with a good residence. The patronage is
in the Crown, and the Rev. Wm. Leigh, M.A. is the incumbent. In 1670,
Wm. Pennoyer charged certain property which he left to Christ's
Hospital in London, with the yearly payment of £4 for the poorest
parishioners, and £5 for schooling poor children. He also directed that
the future lords of the manor should pay one-fifteenth part of the
rents and profits of the manors, so as to make up £20 a year for a
schoolmaster,to teach 30 or 40 boys of the two parishes of Pulham and
the adjacent places. Only £10 a year is paid by the present lord of the
manor, and the master receives the above-named £5 out of Vaunces farm.
The school is kept in a building called the Old Chapel. The Town Farm,
16A., is let for £25. 10s. a year, of which £10 is paid to the master
of the Sunday School, and the remainder is applied with the church
rates. A meadow, which had been long held by the Overseers, was sold
about forty years ago, for the purpose of paying off a debt that had
been incurred in erecting a Parish Workhouse, and enclosing 10A. of
land from the South Common. The workhouse is now converted into five
cottages. These and 73 allotments are let to the poor at low rents. A
small estate here is held by the service of blowing a horn at the
opening of the manor court, and 7A. by being "the lord's hangman," but
the duties of the latter office have long been obsolete."[48]
1854:
"PULHAM ST. MARY THE VIRGIN, a pleasant and well-built village, 3 miles
N.W. of Harleston, has 196 houses, 918 souls, and 2,998a. 3r. 32p. of
land, Robt. Copeman, Esq., is lord of the manor, in which are many
copyholds, subject to arbitrary fines. The enclosure of the commons
took place under an act passed in 1838. The Church is a commodious
edifice with a lofty tower, and six bells, and a handsome porch
ornamented with figures of angels. A storm, in 1818, destroyed the
stained glass in the east window, when the window in the south chancel
was also blown out. The rectory is valued in the King's book at £33 6s.
8., with Pulham St. Mary Magdalen annexed to it; and the tithes of the
two parishes were commuted in 1837 for £1,308. There are 36a. of glebe.
The patronage is vested in the Crown, and the Rev. Wm. Leigh, M.A., is
the incumbent. Wm. Pennoyer, in 1670, charged certain property with the
payment of £4 yearly to the poor, and £5 for schooling children. He
also directed that the future lords of the manor should pay one
fifteenth part of the profits of the manors, so as to make up £20 a
year for a schoolmaster to teach 30 or 40 boys of the two parishes of
Pulham and the adjacent places. Only £10 a year is now paid by the lord
of the manor, and the master receives the above-named £5 out of
Vaunce's farm. The town farm, 16a., is let for £25 10s. a year, of
which £10 is paid to the master of the Sunday school, and the remainder
is applied with the church rates. The Old Workhouse is converted into
five cottages. A number of small allotments are let to the poor at low
rents. A small estate here is held by the service of blowing a horn, at
the opening of the manor court, and 7a. being "the lord's hangman ;"
but the duties of the latter office have long ceased. The Baptists have
a small chapel here."[54]
1883: "PULHAM ST. MARY THE VIRGIN is a
pleasant village and parish, and station on the Waveney Valley branch
railway, situated on an elevation, 3 miles north-west from Harleston,
in the Southern division of the county, Depwade union, Earsham hundred,
county court district of Harleston, rural deanery of Redenhall,
archdeaconry of Norfolk and diocese of Norwich. The church of St. Mary
is a handsome structure of stone and flint, in the Perpendicular style:
it consists of chancel, nave and aisles, and on the south-west side is
a handsome porch (supposed to have been built by William de Wykeham,
who was rector of the parish), with lofty square embattled tower
containing 6 bells: the exterior is ornamented with various carved
figures, and on the top are five figures curiously carved: the interior
is lofty, and some of the windows contain stained glass: the nave and
chancel have been re-seated with oak, and the screen has been partially
restored. The registers date as far back as 1538, when first ordered in
Henry VIII's time. The living is a rectory, tithe rent-charge £662,
with 32 acres of glebe and residence, in the gift of the Crown and held
by the Rev. Richard Bond M.A, of Corpus Christi college, Cambridge: in
1670 it was endowed by William Pennoyer esq. with 1-15th part of the
profits of the manor for the master who keeps the parish school in the
old guild chapel of St. James. The Baptists have a chapel here. There
are several small charities: W. Pennoyer's consists of £4 yearly, paid
out of a farm belonging to the Governors of Christ's Hospital, which is
given away by the rector and tenant of the farm in money to the poor.
The common land has been enclosed under an Act of Parliament passed in
1838. The trustees of the late George Copeman esq. are lords of the
manor. The principal landowners are Lord Waveney, the Governors of
Christ's Hospital, Major Patten and R.A. Bevan esq. The soil is mixed;
subsoil, gravel and clay. The chief crops are wheat, barley, peas and
beans. The area is 2,966 acres; the rateable value, £4,289 5s.; and the
population in 1881 was 822."[55]
Today: "Pulham St Mary is a
large parish, principally a farming community, with around 365 houses
and 800 inhabitants. A significant number of self-employed people live
and work in the area. Pulham St Mary with Pulham Market to the west and
Starston to the east together make up the ward of Beck Vale. In total,
just over 2,100 people live in Beck Vale (2004 data), with Pulham
Market having the largest population of the three villages."[57]
As
at neighbouring Pulham Market, Pulham St Mary is dominated by its
grand, mostly Perpendicular church, this one set on a rise above the
village street in a wide graveyard. There are similarities between the
two churches, but big differences too; St Mary's porch is much earlier
than the rest of the two churches, and the tower here is rather more
feminine, with its pretty pinnacles and large bell openings. And, of
course, there is the most famous feature of either church, St Mary's
gorgeous late 15th century porch, perhaps the best in Norfolk. Tower
and porch work together to create a sense of grandeur, but in fact this
is not a huge church, and there is no aisle on the north side. The
porch is magnificent. Actually not as huge as it appears, its two
stories are flanked by ranges of flushwork panelling, which become,
from the top on the front, ranks of stone niches, angels holding
shields, angels with musical instruments and then more niches. Pride of
place, in the spandrels of the doorway, is the Annunciation, of the
highest artistic quality and in lovely condition.[56]
There was
an Anglo-Saxon Church in Pulham which is mentioned in the Domesday Book
of 1080, but of this there is no trace. The present Church is thought
to date from about 1253. There is seating accommodation for about three
hundred people. The porch is thought generally to have been
built
about the year 1478 with the assistance of John Moreton, Bishop of Ely.
It is thought that the tower dates from the 15th century. A new parapet
and larger windows were added later. It contains a clock and eight
bells. The screen which divided the tower from the body of the church
is made of oak from timber grown locally. There is a fine linenfold
panelling on the exterior of the west door. The tower arch is not in
proportion to the nave. It stands not in the centre of the nave's west
end, but in line with the chancel arch. Perhaps the tower and the
chancel were built either both at the same time, or, at least, they
were built before the present nave. The Tower once had a spire, but it
was lost in 1738. The Chancel is one of the oldest parts of the church
and contains some very interesting features. Some of the architecture
may belong to the Decorated Period (1280-1350).[52]
Topcroft.
Scattered around the main road village of Woodton are three churches in
the fields, all of which are lovingly-kept and welcoming, being part of
the splendid Hempnall group of parishes. St Margaret is, externally at
least, the most beautiful of the three, with an elaborate octagonal
crowning in two stages to the round tower base, the top one just like
neighbouring Bedingham, and a super red-brick 18th century chancel.
This is an unusual date at which to find such a large chancel, but the
windows are Victorian, and so we may assume that a ruinous chancel was
replaced because of the need of a suitable room, for a school
perhaps.[58] 1845:
"TOPCROFT, a scattered village, 12 miles S. by E. of Norwich, and 5
miles N.W. by W. of Bungay, has in its parish 475 souls, and 1,864
acres of land, including 90A. of wood. The Rev. William John Smyth owns
a great part of the soil, and is lord of the manor, in which the
copyholders pay certain fines. The Church (St Margaret,) has a tower,
round at the base, and octangular above. The rectory, valued in K.B. at
£10 13s. 4d., and in 1831 at £400, has about 40A. of glebe. The Bishop
of Norwich is patron, and the Rev. Edward Wilson, incumbent. The tithes
were commuted in 1839 for £396 per annum."[59]
STRATTON
ST. MARY, or LONG STRATTON, is a small Market Town, on the Roman street
or way which led to Caistor; being 10 miles S. by W. of Norwich, 9
miles N. by E. of Scole Inn, and 100 miles N.E. of London. Its parish
contains 690 inhabitants, and 1517A. of land, including the hamlet of
Wood-green, 1 mile E.N.E. of the town, which forms a long street of
good houses. It has a small corn market every Tuesday afternoon, at the
Angel Inn, and two fairs yearly, on Whit-Tuesday and October 12th, for
pedlery, &c. Here is also a Hiring Session on the day before
that
at Shottisham. The lord of the manor and principal owner of the soil is
the Rev. Ellis Burroughes, of Stratton House, a handsome brick mansion
on a pleasant eminence. The Hall, which had a deep moat, is now a farm
house. In 1773, several Roman urns were found here in a gravel pit, six
feet below the surface; and about a furlong from the town was
discovered a hearth, four yards square, and having upon it ashes and
burnt earth, three inches deep, with two imperfect copper coins. The
church (St Mary) is a large handsome fabric, with an ancient round
tower, containing five bells, and surmounted by a short spire. The
tower is much older than the church, the latter being rebuilt about
1330, by Sir Roger de Burgh, and his family, to whom here are many
monumental memorials; but all their brasses, except two, are gone. The
late rector, who held the living from 1795 till 1842, decorated the
east window with stained glass, in 1805. At the east end of the chancel
lie the effigies of Judge Reeve and his lady; the former died in 1647,
and the latter in 1657. The rectory, valued in the King's Book at £10,
is in the gift of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, and incumbency
of of the Rev. Fredk. Wm. Hill Jerrard. The glebe is about 40A., and
the tithes were commuted in 1838 for £468 per annum."[60] The village
is situated half-way between the regional capital, Norwich and the
market town of Diss; along the Roman built road, the A140 (once know as
Pye Street) - which runs from Cromer (North Norfolk) to Ipswich
(Suffolk). The parish borders that of Pulham Market.[Wikipedia]
SCO-RUSTON,
or South Ruston. 1845:
"5 miles S. of North Walsham, has in its parish 115 souls, and 482
acres of land, mostly the property of Sir T.H.E. Durrant, the Rev. T.
Mack, and Mr. Thomas Wells. The church (St Michael) is a small antique
fabric, which was formerly larger, and had a tower, of which there are
still some ivy-mantled ruins. The living is a curacy, consolidated with
Tunstead vicarage, in the patronage and incumbency of the Rev. Thomas
Mack. 1854:
Has in
its parish only 29 houses, 118 souls, and 480 acres, 2 roods, 24
perches of land, mostly belonging to Sir T. H. E. Durrant, the Rev. T.
Mack, and Mr. Thos. Wells. The Church, dedicated to St. Michael, a
small ancient edifice, was formerly larger and had a tower of which
some ivy-mantled ruins still remain. The living is a curacy,
consolidated with Tunstead Vicarage, in the patronage and incumbency of
the Rev. Thos. Mack, M.A. The tithes were commuted in 1841 for £52 10s.
to the incumbent, and £135 to the impropriator. 1883:
Had in its parish in 1881 89 inhabitants, and comprises 482 acres of
land, mostly the property of Lady Durrant and Mr. Thomas H. Wells. It
is in Smallburgh union, Tunstead hundred, Happing and Tunstead petty
sessional division, North Walsham county court district, Norwich
bankruptcy district, Coltishall polling district of North Norfolk,
Redenhall [sic - should be Waxham] rural deanery, and Norfolk
archdeaconry. The rateable value in 1881 was £860. The church (St
Michael) is a small antique fabric, which was formerly larger, and had
a tower, of which there are still some ivy-mantled ruins. The chancel
was restored in 1861 by G.R. Johnson, Esq., the impropriator. The
living is a curacy, consolidated with Tunstead vicarage, in the
patronage of Mrs. Catherine Mack, and incumbency of the Rev. George H.
Harris."[61] The church had long since been abandoned by 1978, [Plunkett]
by which time it was in a considerable state of disrepair. It has,
since then, lost the roof and is now a rapidly decaying ivy-covered
ruin, unrecognisable as the remains of a church, except from up close.
Sco Ruston has effectively ceased to exist as a village & now
consists of several farms and the ruins of the church.
Legal
note: Geograph images are Copyright the respective authors and licensed
for reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0
Generic Licence,
<http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/>. Wikimedia &
Wikipedia media is Copyright the respective authors and licensed under
the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license,
<http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:CC-BY-SA>. These
licenses allow the reproduction of the above mentioned material on
third-party websites without specific author permission. Under United
States copyright law any work published before 1/1/1923, anywhere in
the world, is in the public domain. Works also published in 2003 or
later by authors who died before 1937 are public domain. Under United
Kingdom copyright law images are in the public domain 70 years from the
death of the author or 70 years after it was created if the author is
unknown. In Australia, copyright on published images created before
1/5/1969 expired 50 years after the creation, for images created after
this date, copyright expires 50 years after the first publication.
Copyright on images created after 1/1/2005 is similar to that in the
United States. Any images created before 1961 are thus in the public
domain in Australia. Originality of expression is necessary for
copyright protection, and a mere photograph or reproduction of an
out-of-copyright two-dimensional work may not be protected under
copyright law. I follow the practice of the Wikimedia Foundation, which
considers reproductions of public domain works to also be in the public
domain, regardless of their country of origin. Claims of copyright on
such images is considered invalid & without legal basis. See, for
example, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Public_domain>
and <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:PD-US>. Images from
Norfolk Churches & Plunkett's Norwich used with permission.
